Question 30 29 Discuss why blood pressure might difter in the right and left am

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Question 30

29 Discuss why blood pressure might difter in the right and left am (30 As we age our arteries become stift and less flexible. Discuss what might happen to resistance and blood flow through the arteries in aging adult Can You Synthesize What You've Learned? 31. Local factors are important for regulating blood flow to tissue capillary beds For example, in skeletal muselo tissue that is actively contrac during exercise, levels of oxygen start to decrease a§ 'he oxygen is utilized and levels of carbon dioxide increase as it is produced during respiration Would increasing levels of carbon dioxide in the tissues cause the smooth muscle forming the sphincters in arterioles to contr relax? Justify your answer

Explanation / Answer

30.

Aging causes the heart to enlarge slightly. The walls of the heart thicken and the chamber enlarge due to increase in size of the individual muscle cells of the heart. There is a slight reduction in the heart rate in older people. Further, there is slight expansion of the space within arteries. The increased fatigue and fracture of elastic lamellae in artery/arteriole walls causes the blood vessels stiffer. The arteries do not relax quickly in response to the rhythmic pumping of the heart. As a result, the peripheral resistance to blood increases. Peripheral resistance depends on diameter of blood vessel, viscosity of the blood and total vessel length. As resistance to blood increases, the blood pressure increases. Hence, the blood pressure increases slightly during systole, known as isolated systolic hypertension. Higher blood pressure is due to increased peripheral resistance to blood flow, increase in blood volume and increased cardiac output. When the blood pressure increases, the flow of blood decreases. Stiffened arteries require more force to eject blood from the heart.

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