4. Y ou cross two yellow pea plants with smooth seeds (offspring from a cross of

Question

4. Y ou cross two yellow pea plants with smooth seeds (offspring from a cross of a true-breeding smooth plant with a true-breeding green, wrinkled plant). Yellow (Y) is dominant to green The offspring consist of a yellow, smooth plants, b (y) and smooth (S) is dominant to wrinkled (s). yellow, wrinkled plants, c green, smooth plants, and d green, wrinkled plants. State your null and alternate hypotheses, your chi square value, your degrees or freedom, and whether the results are significantly different from chance. Show all of your work. Do you accept or reject Ho? (5 pts.) Ho: HA: significant?

Explanation / Answer

Ho = there is no significant difference between observed and expected value

HA: there is a significant difference between observed and expected value

So the Chi-square value is 0.152

the degree of freedom is given by the number of phenotypes - 1

There are two phenotypes that we observed in the cross. So the degree of freedom df is 4-1 = 3

df= 3

So for the degree of freedom 3 when the p-value is 0.05 CHi-square value is 7.81 which is greater than the observed chi-square value.

Difference between the observed and expected value is statistically significant so we reject the null hypothesis.

Observed Expected (O-E) (O-E)2/E Yellow smooth 943 942.75 0.25 0.009547 Yellow wrinkle 314 314.25 -0.25 0.02864 White smooth 315 314.25 0.75 0.02864 White wrinkle 104 104.75 -0.75 0.085919 Total 1676 0.152745

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