This Pre-lab is due when you come in to do the experiment. Enter your momentum r
ID: 1416580 • Letter: T
Question
This Pre-lab is due when you come in to do the experiment. Enter your momentum results in scientific notations and using the measured units, i.e., grams, centimeters and seconds. Use the rules of significant figures in problems like this. You know where uncertainty begins in each value, but you do not know the quantifications of any precision as well as you do know that no precision increasing operations, like ID or 2D averages, are being used. A steel ball (66.45 g), shot in the horizontal direction, is caught by a stationary pendulum (275.05 g). The pendulum rises 8.55 cm in the vertical direction. Calculate the momentum of the ball-pendulum system at the moment the ball is caught by the pendulum. P_f = A steel ball (66.45g) located 103.15 cm above the ground is shot in the horizontal direction. It travels 306.25 cm in the horizontal direction before it hits the ground. Calculate the momentum of the steel ball in the horizontal direction. Enter your results using the measured units, i.e., grams, centimeters and seconds. Use scientific notation for this calculation. p_i = Calculate the percent fractional error of the loss of momentum to two significant figures. PFE = |P_f - P_i/P_i| * 100 % difference =Explanation / Answer
1.
Gravitational PE gained at max. height = initial KE .. (assuming no other energy transfers occur)
Mgh = ½ Mv²
v = (2gh) = (2*9.8*8.55^-2m) = 1.29 m/s
Initial momentum (joint mass) Pf= Mv = (0.275+0.0665)kg * 1.29m/s = 0.4405 kg.m/s
2.
103.15 cm = 1.0315 m
66.45 g = 0.06645 kg
s = ut + ½at²
vertically u = 0 = initial velocity
=> 1.0315 = ½9.81t²
=> t = [2.0630/9.81] = 0.46 s
horizontally the ball's speed is constant since unaffected with vertical g
=> distance = speed x time
=> horizontal speed = distance/time = 3.0625 / 0.46 s ~= 6.678 m/s = 667.8 cm/s
momentum Pi = mv = 0.06645 x 6.678 ~= 0.4437 Ns or 0.4437 kgm/s
3.
PFE =[ (Pf - Pi)/ Pi ] x 100 = [( 0.4405 - 0.4437) / 0.4437 ] x 100 = 0.72 percentage ( neagative sign will not appear as we take mode value)
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