hed she Rcovirus Cell enlargement; vacuoles and inclusions in cytoplasnm Influen
ID: 139307 • Letter: H
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hed she Rcovirus Cell enlargement; vacuoles and inclusions in cytoplasnm Influenza virus Rabies virus Cells round up: no inclusions ter No change in cell shape; cytoplasmic do inclusions (Negri bodies) Syncytia form (multinucleate) Measles virus of multiple host cells into a syncytium, a single large cell fu sion taining multiple nuclei. These syncytia are a result of some vi- cont ruses ability to fuse together the membranes of several host cells. One virus (respiratory syncytial virus) is even named for this effect. Check Your Progress SECTION 6.4 14. Write a narrative that describes the stages in the multiplication of an enveloped animal virus. 15. Describe some ways animal viruses penetrate the host cell. What is uncoating? 16. Summarize the two major ways in which animal viruses leave their host cells. 17. What is meant by the term virion? 18. Describe several cytopathic effects of viruses. What causes the changed appearance of the host cell, and how might it be used to diagnose viral infections? 19. Explain what it means for a virus to become persistent or latent, and how these events are important. 0. Briefly describe the effects of an oncogenic virus. 5 The Multiplication Cycle inExplanation / Answer
14, There are six main stages in the replication of animal viruses:
1, Absorption:
It is the first step in reproduction cycle of animal viruses... absorption of host cells surface takes place by a random collision of vision with a plasma membrane receptors site.
2, penetration:
Animal viruses penetrate the host cells shortly after absorption..there are 3 modes of penetration that is direct penetration,fusion with plasma membrane, endocytosis.
3, un- coating:
It is the process of seperation of viral genome from the protein coat..lysosomal enzymes help in animal viruses un- coating by degrading the capsid and low endosomal PHs often trigger the process of un- coating.
4, Replication of viral genome::
The replication process of DNA rirus differ from RNA virus..DNA viruses replication done in cytoplasm,nucleus of host..Replication of RNA viruses same like DNA except RNA mechanism
5, synthesis and assembly of virus capsides:
Some late genes direct the synthesis of capsid proteins..
6, release of new virus:
It will be vary from naked and enveloped viruses..
15, un- coating:
Uncoating is the process of seperation of viral genome from the protein coat..The process of undercoating is not clear,but in lysosomal enzymes help in animal virus un- coating by degrading the capsid and low endosomal PHs often trigger the process of un- coating..In some cases viral envelop fuses with the lysosomal membrane and the partially degraded capsid along with viral genome released in to the host cytoplasm..When in cytoplasm viral genome released un- coating process will be completed..
16,. Release of newly formed animal viruses from naked and enveloped viruses most often by the lysis of the host cells..In enveloped viruses the viruses encoded protein are incorporated in the plasma membrane and then the nucleocapsid is released,the envelop is formed by membrane budding..
17, virion:
It is a complete viral particles,formed extracellularly and capable of surviving in crystalline form and infecting a living cells..it comprises the nucleoid and the capsid..That is structurally intact and infectious..
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