A historian claims that a cannonball fired at a castle wall would melt on impact

Question

A historian claims that a cannonball fired at a castle wall would melt on impact with the wall. Let's examine this claim. Assume that the kinetic energy of the cannonball is completely transformed into the internal energy of the cannonball on impact with no energy transferred to the wall. The cannonball is made of iron, which has a specific heat capacity of 450 J/kg-K and a melting point of 1811 K.

1) If the cannonball has an initial temperature of 312 K, how fast would the cannonball need to travel in order to reach its melting point on impact?

2) If the latent heat of fusion of iron is 2.72

Explanation / Answer

The solution for part 2 is as follows:

In this problem, the kinetic energy of the iron cannonball should be high enough to melt. The melting of iron takes place at constant temperature.

The kinetic energy of the cannonball is

K.E =

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