1. James S. is working on a new batch of Kombucha. Traditionally Kombucha is mad

Question

1. James S. is working on a new batch of Kombucha. Traditionally Kombucha is made with both bacteria and yeast. One lactic acid bacterium sometimes used is Lactobacillus. This bacterium is strictly fermentative. One type of yeast used is Candida stellata. Like most yeast, C. stellata can grow using either aerobic respiration or alcoholic fermentation. Upon beginning his brew, James stirs his mixture thus making O2 readily available to the C. stellata. Assume that during this aerobic phase of growth, the yeast fully catabolize 4.3 X 1020 molecules of glucose, how many ATP are generated in total via both oxidative and substratelevel phosphorylation? (Assume that only 2 ATP / NADH are generated via oxidative phosphorylation from the NADH molecules reduced in glycolysis.)
a. 1.5 X 1022 ATP
b. 1.6 X 1022 ATP
c. 8.6 X 1020 ATP
d. 1.4 X 1022 ATP

2. If the Lactobacillus bacteria in James’s above culture were to catabolize the same
number of glucose molecules, how many ATP would they generate in total?
a. 1.5 X 1022 ATP
b. 1.6 X 1022 ATP
c. 8.6 X 1020 ATP
d. 1.4 X 1022 ATP

3. Later in the semester, we will talk more about a group of Archaea called the
methanogens. These microorganisms contain an electron transport chain capable of utilizing CO2 as the terminal electron acceptor and thus generating methane gas. Which statement is FALSE?
a. The methanogens described here live using anaerobic respiration.
b. The methanogens described here live anaerobically using a process called fermentation.
c. When using CO2 as a terminal electron acceptor, these methanogens generate less ATP / glucose molecule than would an aerobically respiring microorganism.
d. These methanogens are capable of further oxidizing pyruvate.

4. Bacillus subtilis is an aerobically respiring bacterium. It is capable of utilizing
both starches (amylose and amylopectic) and fats as an energy source. This
bacterium would thus excrete all of the following enzymes EXCEPT
a. Cellulase
b. a-amylase
c. lipase
d. oligo-1,6-glucosidase

5. ___________ can perform both the light and dark reactions of photosynthesis whereas ____________ are incapable of carbon fixation.
a. Chemoorganoheterotrophs, photoautotrophs
b. Photoautotrophs, photoheterotrophs
c. Lithotrophs, chemoautotrophs
d. Chemoautotrophs, photoautotrophs

6. Kelsey P. and Justin are checking out their Winogradsky column and notice a
visible layer of purple sulfur bacteria developing. These bacteria (including
Thiospirillum) prefer rare ecological niches where there is plenty of light but no
O2. Electrons needed in the photosystem are taken from hydrogen sulfide gas.
Thiospirillum
a. would compete with the cyanobacterium, Nostoc, for resources in the same ecological niche.
b. is an oxygenic phototroph.
c. uses chlorophyll a as its main photosynthetic pigment.
d. is an anoxygenic phototroph.
e. a and c
f. a and d

Explanation / Answer

1)B 2)D 3)B 4)C 5)A 6)E

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