Question 4. The figure below represents the interaction web of fish, insects, an

Question

Question 4. The figure below represents the interaction web of fish, insects, and plants in an ecosystem. Solid lines denote direct interactions, whereas dotted lines denote indirect interactions; the direction of the arrow shows the direction of the interaction; and the sign (+/0/-) denotes the effect of the interaction: Pollinator Fish A. The direct interaction between fish and larval dragonfly leads to what, if any, change in larval dragonfly density (i.e., increase, decrease, no change, cannot be determined)? B. The indirect interaction between fish and dragonfly leads to what, if any, change in dragontly density C. The direct interaction between pollinator and plants leads to what, if any, change in plant density. D. The indirect interaction between fish and plants leads to what, if any, change in plant density. E. What is this specifie type of effect called?

Explanation / Answer

Ans: A. Direct interaction having –ve effect as per the figure which leads to decrease in dragon fly larvae and subsequently dragon fly populations

B. Indirect interactions having +ve effect also influenced by dragon fly larval populations increase or decrease, hence should lead to increase in dragon fly population.

C. Direct interaction between pollinator and plants is +ve should lead to increase in plant density. Decrease in pollinators population should decrease the plant density.

D. Indirect interaction between fish and plants is +ve should lead to increase in plant population.

E. This is predation or apparent predation. Apparent predation can occur by two ways a non-prey individual that has an indirect positive effect on a consumer or the negative effect of a predator on a non-prey species.

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