24. The measures of association you calculated for the cohort study from questio

Question

24. The measures of association you calculated for the cohort study from questions 17-22 are crude (unadjusted). After adjusting for gender, the risk ratio changes to 1.42. However, you have reason to believe that the association between heavy alcohol and subsequent stroke may differ by men and women. When you calculate stratum specific risk ratios, you find an RR of 1.65 among men and an RR of 1.10 among women. Based on this information, is gender a confounder or an effect measure modifier? Briefly state how came to this conclusion.

Explanation / Answer

Confounder means a variable that imfluences both the dependent and independent variable and cause a spurious association.

Here alcohal is the independent variable

Stroke is dependent variable

Effect measure modification means when a measure of association for example the risk ratio changes over values of some other variable

As clearly given in the ques that with change in the gender the risk ratio changes.

Gender is a effect measure modifier.

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