Question 2 from intro to psychology from chapters 11-15 part A Describe the basi

Question

Question 2 from intro to psychology from chapters 11-15

part A

Describe the basic dimensions of sex, then discuss how recent changes in attitudes affected sexual behavior. Give examples.

Part B

Describe how the psychodynamic theories and behaviorist theories would explain how we learn about human sexuality?

Part C

Describe is health psychology and how behavior affect health.

Part D

What is stress? What are the best strategies for managing stress? Give examples. Describe one psychological disorder and one therapy that can be used to treat that disorder.

Be specific and be sure to support your answer with sources you cite in the body of your answer and include in a reference list at the bottom of your post using APA format.

Explanation / Answer

Answer:

-In recent decades, policymakers, research organizations, and funders of science have made efforts to increase the participation of women in science teams, leadership roles, and evaluation panels. More recently, journals and funders have turned their attention to sex-and-gender aspects of the content of research. Early-career scientists have much to gain from embracing this trend, including an increased chance of getting published and an edge when applying for research funds.

But embracing the trend requires a shift in the way research is done. First, scientists must recognize that including a sex or gender dimension in their research is possible and useful. Then they must use adequate methods to design their studies, analyze their data, and report their results. This is likely to require extra time and resources, but researchers promoting the initiative argue it is worth the effort. "It's a really powerful way to see new things," says Londa Schiebinger, a science historian at Stanford University in California. Schiebinger directs a project called "Gendered Innovations in Science, Health & Medicine, Engineering, and Environment." Funded by Stanford University, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the European Commission, among others, the project aims to encourage and equip scientists to rethink their work under a sex-and-gender-conscious lens.

Gender push

Schiebinger and other scholars began to highlight gender bias in scientific research in the late 1980s. Later, policymakers started paying attention to the issue. In the early 2000s, for example, the European Commission pledged to engender research and gave its scientific officers guidelines on how to include gender concerns in E.U.-funded projects. Under the European Commission's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7), which started in 2007, application forms included an optional box that applicants could fill in to show how their work addresses sex and gender. About one fifth of FP7 projects developed these aspects in their research—a proportion that ranged from 0% in space research to 52% in socioeconomic sciences and humanities. During that time, the commission also funded a project called genSET - Gender in Science, which became an important part of the European push to address sex and gender to improve research quality. (The program continues today, run by a nonprofit company called Portia that was set up by a group of female scientists at Imperial College London.)

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