100 different labs across the world each run the exact same study, with n = 20 s

Question

100 different labs across the world each run the exact same study, with n = 20 subjects. 50 of the labs find a significant result with p<.05, and the other 50 labs do not find significant results with p>.05. Which statement is most accurate?

(a) this is the outcome that would be expected if there was no true effect, according to the null-hypothesis

(b) this outcome is not very likely given the null-hypothesis, instead there appears to be a true, and somewhat unreliable effect

(c) the effect appears to be unreliable, and if the researchers all increased their n by another 20 subjects, more of the labs should show non-significant findings

(d) the effect appears to be quite reliable, so if the researchers all decreased their n by 10 subjects, then the outcomes across labs should be the same.

Explanation / Answer

Correct Option-

(a)  this is the outcome that would be expected if there was no true effect, according to the null-hypothesis

The above statement seems to fit the bill better because null hypothesis always states that there will be nos ignificant difference among the gRoups and whatever difference, if any, appears is due to chance.

Increasing the number of respondents will not do justice because there may be cultural differences among the various groups. There may be other factors also like, subject characteristics, experimenter characteristics etc. may vary form lab to lab.

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