Three videos include 1. A mass on a spring 2. A bicycle in motion 3. Two carts m

Question

Three videos include

1.  A mass on a spring

2. A bicycle in motion

3. Two carts moving left to right

(a) Which of these four objects [Upper Fan Cart, Lower Cart, Mass on a Spring, and/or Bicycle], if any, have a constant velocity? Cite the evidence for your conclusions.

(b) Which of the four objects, if any, move at a non-zero constant acceleration? Cite the evidence for your conclusion.

(c) Which of these four objects, if any, have neither a constant velocity or a constant acceleration? Cite the evidence for your conclusions.

(d) The kinematic equations are very useful for describing motions. Which of the four motions, if any, cannot be described using these kinematic equations? Explain the reasons for your answer.

e)      What do you think is the most convincing test of whether the one-dimensional motion of an object has a constant acceleration?

Explanation / Answer

a) Bicycle in motion will have constant velocity, as in most cases we drive bicycle at constant velocity only. We don't accelerate a lot, do we.

b) Two carts moving left to right , As the video isn't uploaded, one of the carts will be having a constant acceleration. Bicycle can't have as its difficult to provide constant force by a person to produce constant acceleration.

c) Mass on spring - this system has simple harmonic motion. i.e at extreams ends of spring (when the spring is completely compressed and completely expanded) the mass stops hence has zero velocity, but it has maximum acceleration at these points. At the equilibrium point (midpoint of both extreams), velocity of the mass is maximum and acceleration is zero. Hence, the mass has no constant velocity and no constant acceleration. Both are sinosoidal or co-sinosoidal in nature.

d)Mass on spring - as this system has no constant acceleration, we can not apply kinematic equations. Kinematic equation are applicable for constant acceleration only.

e) One can note the velocity of the object at regular interval of time, say measure velocity of a car movinf on straight road after every 30s. If the velocity is linearly increasing than, the object is moving with constant acceleration or else it is not.

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