The topic is Pregnancy Genetic Testing. Final Research Paper Draft must contain

Question

The topic is Pregnancy Genetic Testing. Final Research Paper Draft must contain the following components: A title page and a references page (based upon your annotated bibliography). An introduction that features a thesis statement that is clearly articulated and argumentative and/or analytical. Ideally, the introduction should be a single, compelling paragraph. Body paragraphs that develop at least one research-supported argument. (Note: The body of your paper should feature in-text citations that leverage at least four different sources.)

Explanation / Answer

Pregnancy genetic testing:

The sequencing of whole genome or DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of the individual is called DNA typing or genetic testing. It is also called DNA profiling or DNA fingerprinting. Genetic testing reveals the presence of disease-causing genes, mostly the inherited ones. For example, the certain type of cancers such as breast cancer and throat cancer are heritable. Individuals with the family history of these diseases must have genetic testing to confirm if they are carriers. Based on the results, the risk of occurrence of the disease in the individual and their offspring can be determined.

Genetic testing is now preferred by certain people to diagnose the genetic defects at an earlier stage. However, it involves many ethical concerns. In case of Delaney, genetic testing was done before birth, which may be considered unethical because if she was diagnosed with any genetic defect, she might have discriminated and Anna might not have considered Delaney for adoption.

The genetic testing can be used to predict some of the diseases but the presence of a gene defect or mutation does not confirm the disease in all the cases. For example, not all the individuals with BRCA mutation develop breast cancer in their later life, it partly depends on the environmental factors. Genetic testing can predict the chromosomal abnormalities and single gene defects in most of the cases. However, the chromosomal disorders such as Down's syndrome, Tay-Sachs disease can be diagnosed in the early stages, so that the parents can be educated about how to deal with the problem in future.

The disadvantages of genetic testing are, anxiety caused by the results and the results do not always confirm the diagnosis (so, it may cause unnecessary psychological stress). In addition, the genetic tests are highly expensive.

Reference: Van den Veyver, I. B. (2016). Recent advances in prenatal genetic screening and testing. F1000Research, 5, 2591.

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