Please rephrase these sentences: Genetic modification / engineering Cloning give

Question

Please rephrase these sentences:

Genetic modification / engineering
Cloning gives parents the opportunity to choose what characteristics they want their children to have. For instance, the parents want their child to have Albert Einstein’s IQ. The extraordinary athleticism of Michael Jordan.

Some scientists think human cloning is a good matter because human being can control their evolvement, so that we can ‘create’ more artists, athletes, and scientists. If we can choose in this way, we can enhance human’s achievement.

The healthiness of infants

Cloning can eliminate all the worrying regarding the child’s health. Scientist can alter the genes to ensure a healthy child. For example, if a mother has given birth to 2 children which suffered from Down’s syndrome. Doctors can manipulate and balance out the number of chromosomes in the embryo to give the mother a normal and healthy child.

Better understanding of genetic diseases

Scientists and ethicists who favor human cloning research argue that cloning may provide a better understanding of the nature of genetic diseases and aid in the production of embryos from which cells could be obtained to grow various organs for organ transplant.

Help improve lives

The cloning of genetic modified animals can have certain medical, agricultural and industrial applications. For example, genetically modified cattle can produce milk with certain drugs inside in mass production.
The fundamental criterion of medical science must be the defence and promotion of the integral good of the human person, in keeping with that unique dignity which is ours by virtue of our humanity.
Human cloning (including the cloning of embryos) has stirred controversy in the society since the success in cloning of Dolly in July, 97 in Roslin Institude, Ireland.
So, what are the pros and cons of cloning? Will it lead to the extinction of human or improve our lives? What are the religious perspectives toward cloning? Let us start discussing its ethical problems by its advantages first.

Federal statistics show that in vitro fertilization and relate technologies have a success rate of less than 20%. Hence cloning may provide en efficient solution to infertility. This is the key point that advocates argue for cloning. Cloning is believed to be solving the problem of infertility. Women that are infertile can have their own babies with the help of this technique by implanting the cloned embryos into their bodies. This can eliminate the mental and physical pains among the infertile couples.
Provide organs for transplantation
pig livers can be transplant to a patient which suffers from liver failure but there is no human liver available. In this case, the pig liver can be transplanted to the patient temporarily until he can find a suitable human liver.

The opponents think that this will deprive the human value, because the child is born on purpose, that’s to rescue other’s life. The child will become the equipment of therapy
Despite the painful circumstances, the only way to treat this case morally is to let the patient dies, not to clone another child.

Therapeutic applications of stem cells potentially could treat illnesses including: Parkinson’s disease, diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, stroke, heart attack, multiple sclerosis, blood, bone and bone marrow ailments, severe burns by providing skin grafts, spinal cord injuries, and cancer patients who have lost cells and tissue to radiation and chemotherapy.

Explanation / Answer

The advantages of human cloning or the associated benefits of this process include: Reverse Aging and Resolving of Heart Problems Some of the experts in this form of technology suggest that with the human cloning technology it would eventually be possible to reverse the aging process. The benefits of human cloning can be gauged from the fact that this technology can be used to aid victims of heart attack. In this healthy heart cells can be cloned and injected in areas within the heart that are damaged following the heart attack. The benefits of this can be tremendous since heart disease is the prime killer within the United States and several other developed countries. Repair Damaged Tissue and Organs Human cloning techniques can also be used to grow organs or repair tissues and damaged organs. Conditions like Parkinson’s, diabetes and Alzheimer’s may also be cured with this technology. Infertility One of the greatest human cloning benefits could be resolution of the problem of infertility. The present treatments available for infertility problems are not as successful. These treatments involve a great deal of emotional and physical trauma to the couples and human cloning could help those suffering from infertility to have children. Plastic Surgery Human cloning can help in procedures such as cosmetic surgeries including breast implants. The procedure will allow for use of actual tissue in the body instead of use of foreign material such as silicone gel. Doctors may also be able to produce bones and cartilages and problems associated with the use of silicone will be removed. It may be possible for doctors to perform reconstructive surgeries on faces of individuals involved in traumatic accidents as also development of limbs for amputees. Defective Genes People on an average carry 8 defective genes and these genes cause certain illnesses. Human cloning can allow these problems to be eradicated. Some of the problems occurring because of these defective genes include Down’s syndrome and Tay-Sachs disease among others. So women at risk for illnesses like these could take the benefits of human cloning to ensure that their offspring do not have the genes of that disorder. Organ Transplantation and other Illnesses Human cloning can also be used to clone livers and used in liver transplants as well as in kidney transplants though cloning of kidneys. Human cloning could be used to clone bone marrow for individuals suffering from leukemia. This could be one of the biggest benefits of human cloning technology. In organ transplantation cloning technology may help millions of people to get a new lease of life. They will no longer need to wait for years to get a donor match and the possibility of immune response to the transplantation may also be eradicated the with cloning of organs. Cancer Cancer is a disease that kills millions of individuals in many countries. Scientists are still trying to understand how cells differentiate in specific tissues or why certain cells lose the differentiation. The cloning technology may actually allow a cure to be found for this dreaded disease. Other injuries Accidents are often responsible for leaving people handicapped. People suffering from spinal cord injuries are currently not able to recover completely. With the cloning technology medical professionals may actually be able to grow back the nerves and spinal cord again so that those who are injured can hope to lead a normal life again. Preservation of Endangered Animals While the cloning technology may eventually be used to benefit humans it can also be used to conserve endangered species of animals

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