Q1. From Aristotle\'s perspective, a female was a. a failed male. b. the mental
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Q1. From Aristotle's perspective, a female was a. a failed male. b. the mental equal of a male. c. the social equal of a male. d. physically inferior, but morally superior to a male.
Q2. Plato differed from Athenian society when he suggested that a. artisans should perform the hard work of society. b. soldiers represented moral courage when they defended the state. c. men and women should receive similar education. d. the rational principle should be represented by a small group of rulers.
Q3. Plato and Aristotle viewed knowledge differently. For Plato knowledge was ___________, while for Aristotle it was ___________. a. rational, intuitive b. deductive, inductive c. inductive, deductive d. intuitive, rational
Q4. Plato believed that the human soul consisted of the following three fundamental parts: a. id, ego, and superego. b. appetite, moral courage, and reason. c. psyche, intellect, and judgment. d. memory, intellect, and heart.
Q5. The word philosophy means the a. golden mean. b. knowledge of the self. c. love of wisdom. d. imitation of life.
Q6. Plato's ideal state was governed by the a. Guardians. b. soldiers. c. artisans. d. All of the above
Q7. The statement "Man is the measure of all things" is attributed to a. Plato. b. Aristotle. c. Socrates. d. Protagoras.
Q8. The view expressed in Aristotle's Politics is that individuals cannot live a truly virtuous life outside of the a. state. b. family. c. temple. d. military.
Q9. According to Plato, the soul's basis for judging experience is a. trial and error. b. its previous existence. c. intuition. d. prayer.
Q10. Pythagoras put forth the theory that all objects in the universe were reducible to a. atoms. b. numbers. c. five basic elements. d. three basic elements.
Q11. The _______________ was the center of the typical Roman town or city. a. aqueduct b. rostrum c. forum d. amphitheater
Q12. How did Greek culture change as a result of Alexander's conquests? a. It was destroyed by the cultures of the conquered peoples. b. It became warlike and unsophisticated. c. It became increasingly sophisticated and complex. d. It merged with Roman culture.
Q13. The Epicureans urged their followers to seek happiness by a. maximizing pleasure and minimizing pain. b. adhering to absolute standards of good and evil. c. accumulating wealth. d. all of the above.
Q14. The Pax Romana refers to a two-hundred-year era of peace and prosperity initiated under the reign of a. Julius Caesar. b. Augustus Caesar. c. Nero. d. Marcus Aurelius.
Q15. Stoicism taught that humans should react to the world around them by a. trying to make it better for others. b. trying to leave it as soon as possible. c. maximizing their own pleasure as much as possible. d. accepting it for what it was.
Q16. Cicero's On the Laws states that all human beings a. have an equal capacity to learn. b. are not equal. c. cannot attain virtue. d. need not learn the principles of right living.
Q17. According to Horace, poetry should be both a. strong and sharp. b. pleasing and useful. c. optimistic and pessimistic. d. practical and patriotic.
Q18. The most important idea in Book Four of Virgil's Aeneid is the a. suffering of women. b. great personal tragedies that a public destiny entails. c. necessity of bravery. d. Stoical ideal that a true hero never seeks vengeance.
Q19. Victories in its wars with ___________, begun in 264 B.C., made Rome the major imperial power in the Western world. a. Greece b. Egypt c. the Phoenicians d. Carthage
Q20. Who employed satire in his work to expose the vices and follies of individuals and society? a. Lucretius b. Virgil c. Horace d. Cicero
Q21. In Exodus, Chapter 20, the Lord, having presented himself as a thick cloud, seals the covenant by giving the Israelites a. the Ten Commandments. b. a sacrificial lamb. c. the Beatitudes. d. a vision of the Christ to come.
Q22. Which statement about the Sadducees and the Pharisees is correct? a. Both disappeared after the Romans destroyed the Temple. b. Both believed that the Bible needed interpretation. c. Both were linked to services in the Temple. d. Both accepted the same Bible as holy books.
Q23. The first king who ruled over Israel as a united people was a. Joshua. b. Saul. c. David. d. Solomon.
Q24. From the third century A.D., Christian communities called ______________ had been founded in remote places, emphasizing an ascetic lifestyle, common worship, and mutual service. a. monasteries b. basilicas c. cathedrals d. churches
Q25. Early Christianity was similar to Eastern mystery religions because it a. recognized a Great Mother fertility goddess. b. did not require exclusive belief of its adherents. c. promised individual salvation to believers. d. required a personal oath of loyalty to the Empire.
Q26. The event that marked the beginning of the diaspora, or exile of the Jews, was the a. building of King Solomon's temple. b. destruction of the Jewish temple by the Roman army. c. fall of Canaan. d. conquest of the Holy Land by the Philistines.
Q27. Like the Homeric epics, biblical literature first existed as ______________ narratives. a. written b. Babylonian c. oral d. Canaanite
Q28. The ______________, written from about 1000 B.C. to A.D. 165, soon became the official scripture of Judaism. a. Apocrypha b. Hebrew scriptures c. Pentateuch d. Christian scriptures
Q29. The "covenant" traditionally signifies the a. relationship between Abraham (and later Moses) and Jahweh. b. merging of Judaic and early Christian beliefs. c. joining of the Old and New Testaments into the Bible. d. Ten Commandments given to Moses by Jahweh.
Q30. In the Gospel according to Saint Matthew, Jesus gives his followers the essentials of a new doctrine, popularly referred to as the a. New Covenant. b. Ten Commandments. c. Sermon on the Mount. d. Second Coming of Christ.
Q31. In what way did Islamic civilization have its greatest impact on Europe? a. The religion of Islam spread successfully into Spain and Italy. b. New foods and medicines were introduced into Europe. c. European artists copied many Islamic geometrical patterns. d. Major scientific and philosophical works were acquired from Islamic intellectuals.
Q32. Built at the city of Granada, the ________________ Palace marks the high point of Muslim palace construction in Spain. a. Dome of the Rock b. Alhambra c. Cordoba d. Mshatta
Q33. In the early eighth century, the issue of ___________________ marked a major crisis in East-West relations. a. papal primacy b. the crusades c. religious toleration d. iconoclasm
Q34. The most important architectural form of Islam is the a. church. b. mosque. c. temple. d. tomb.
Q35. Islam means a. submission to the will of God. b. God's love and compassion. c. facing the Day of Judgment. d. the revelations of the Prophet.
Q36. In the eyes of Muslims, Islam with its holy book, the Quran (Koran), is a reform of a. paganism. b. Judaism. c. Christianity. d. Buddhism
Q37. According to tradition, the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem marks the spot where a. Moses received the Ten Commandments. b. Jesus delivered his Sermon on the Mount. c. Muhammad ascended to heaven. d. all of the above.
Q38. The architecture of mosques is characterized by a. elaborate decoration of flat surfaces. b. small, confined interior spaces divided into many rooms. c. statues of Mohammed and his descendants. d. all of the above.
Q39. In the last two excerpts from the Quran, God (Allah) is referred to as a. just. b. merciful. c. hateful. d. both merciful and compassionate.
Q40. The greatest of the Byzantine churches in Constantinople was a. San Vitale. b. Sant' Apollinare. c. Hagia Sophia. d. Saint Demetrius.
Explanation / Answer
1. a. A failed male
Aristotle believed that women were inferior to men and that her inability to produce semen made her a failed male.
2. c.men and women should recieve similar education.
In some of his writings he advocated a fairer deal for women. In his idealised Republic he foresees an upperclass of ‘guardians’ among whom the chattel status of women is abolished (i.e. she is no longer owned by her husband) and in which women were to receive equal education to men.
3.b deductive ,inductive
Aristotle's main thrust was to explain the nature of things from what they are seen to be. From the subject and low status of women he deduced their inferiority by nature.
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