EXERCISES USING THE CONSTANT SPEED METHOD 1. Four partial records of the same ea

Question

EXERCISES USING THE CONSTANT SPEED METHOD 1. Four partial records of the same earthquake were recorded at Los Angeles, San Francisco, Salt Lake City, and Albuquerque, shown below. Determine the lag time for each recording station and enter it into the "lag time" column, by subtracting the P-wave arrival time from the S-wave arrival time Recordling StationPwaarivaltlimewave arival Lag time? Recording Station Los Angeles San Francisco Salt Lake City Albuquerque ave arrival time 11:06-06 PST 11:06-46 PST 12:08-06 MST 12:08-45 MST ave arrival time 11:06-19 PST 11:07-18 PST 12:09-22 MST 12:10-15 MST P-w seconds seconds seconds seconds 2. Assuming an average velocity of 3.80 miles/second for the P-waves, and 2.54 miles/second for the S-waves, how long does it take for each type to travel 100 miles? Show how you arrived at your answer P-waves took how many seconds? S-waves took how many seconds? What is the lag time associated with this distance (100 miles)?

Explanation / Answer

1) The time difference between P-wave arrival time and S-wave arrival time is called lag time. The determination of lag time is done in the following table.

2) Average P-wave velocity = 3.80 miles/sec

Average S-wave velocity = 2.54 miles/sec

Distance = 100 miles.

P-wave take time to travel 100 miles = 100/3.80 = 26.32 seconds.

S-wave take time to travel 100 miles = 100/2.54 = 39.37 seconds.

The lag time associated with this distance (100 miles) = 39.37 - 26.32 = 13.05 seconds.

Recording Station P-wave arrival time S-wave arrival time Lag time ? Los Angeles 11:06-06 PST 11:06-19 PST 13 seconds San Francisco 11:06-46 PST 11:07-18 PST 32 seconds Salt Lake City 12:08-06 MST 12:09-22 MST 76seconds Albuquerque 12:08-45 MST 12:10-15 MST 90 seconds

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