According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), Intimate Par

Question

According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2016), Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) is a serious, preventable public health problem that affects millions of Americans. The term "intimate partner violence" describes physical, sexual, or psychological harm by a current or former partner or spouse. Nearly 38 percent of IPV perpetrators have significant alcohol problems (NIAAA). Using the power and control wheel http://www.ncdsv.org/images/PowerControlwheelNOSHADING.pdf select one topic and explain how alcohol use can exacerbate intimate partner violence. Also, respond to two students who have selected different topics under the power and control wheel and provide examples of the topic that they have selected.

Explanation / Answer

Intimate associate violence (IPV) is a serious, preventable public ailment that impacts hundreds of thousands of american citizens. The time period intimate associate violence describes bodily violence, sexual violence, stalking and psychological aggression (including coercive acts) through a current or former intimate partner.

An intimate companion is a person with whom one has an in depth private relationship that can be characterized with the aid of the next:

Emotional connectedness
common contact
Ongoing physical contact and/or sexual behavior
identity as a couple
Familiarity and capabilities about each and every differents lives
the connection needn't contain all of these dimensions. Examples of intimate companions include current or former spouses, boyfriends or girlfriends, courting companions, or sexual companions. IPV can occur between heterosexual or equal-sex couples and does now not require sexual intimacy.

IPV can fluctuate in frequency and severity. It occurs on a continuum, ranging from one episode that could or could now not have lasting influence to chronic and extreme episodes over a interval of years.

There are 4 main forms of IPV

bodily violence is the intentional use of bodily force with the potential for inflicting death, disability, damage, or damage. Physical violence involves, but is not limited to, scratching; pushing; shoving; throwing; grabbing; biting; choking; shaking; aggressive hair pulling; slapping; punching; hitting; burning; use of a weapon; and use of restraints or one body, dimension, or strength against a further man or woman. Physical violence additionally entails coercing different persons to commit any of the above acts.
Sexual violence is divided into 5 categories. Any of those acts represent sexual violence, whether attempted or accomplished. Moreover all of those acts occur with out the victim's freely given consent, including cases in which the sufferer is unable to consent due to being too intoxicated (e.G., incapacitation, lack of consciousness, or lack of realization) by way of their voluntary or involuntary use of alcohol or drugs.
Rape or penetration of sufferer This entails completed or tried, pressured or alcohol/drug-facilitated unwanted vaginal, oral, or anal insertion. Pressured penetration occurs by way of the perpetrators use of bodily drive against the victim or threats to physically harm the victim.
Victim used to be made to penetrate any person else This includes accomplished or attempted, compelled or alcohol/drug-facilitated incidents when the sufferer was once made to sexually penetrate a perpetrator or anybody else without the sufferers consent.
Non-physically compelled undesirable penetration This involves incidents where the sufferer was forced verbally or through intimidation or misuse of authority to consent or acquiesce to being penetrated.
Unwanted sexual contact This involves intentional touching of the sufferer or making the sufferer contact the perpetrator, both straight or via the apparel, on the genitalia, anus, groin, breast, inner thigh, or buttocks without the victim's consent
Non-contact undesirable sexual experiences This includes undesirable sexual activities that are not of a bodily nature that occur with out the victim's consent. Examples comprise undesirable publicity to sexual circumstances (e.G., pornography); verbal or behavioral sexual harassment; threats of sexual violence to achieve every other end; and /or unwanted filming, taking or disseminating snap shots of a sexual nature of a different man or woman.
Stalking is a pattern of repeated, unwanted, concentration and contact that explanations fear or obstacle for ones own defense or the safeguard of any person else (e.G., loved ones member or pal). Some examples include repeated, unwanted cell calls, emails, or texts; leaving cards, letters, plant life, or other items when the sufferer does now not need them; staring at or following from a distance; spying; drawing near or displaying up in places when the victim does no longer want to see them; sneaking into the sufferers dwelling or vehicle; harmful the victim's personal property; harming or threatening the victim pet; and making threats to bodily harm the sufferer.
Psychological Aggression is the use of verbal and non-verbal conversation with the intent to damage an extra individual mentally or emotionally, and/or to exert manipulate over a different individual. Psychological aggression can incorporate expressive aggression (e.G., title-calling, humiliating); coercive manage (e.G., limiting access to transportation, money, buddies, and household; immoderate monitoring of whereabouts); threats of physical or sexual violence; control of reproductive or sexual health (e.G., refusal to make use of delivery manipulate; coerced being pregnant termination); exploitation of sufferer's vulnerability (e.G., immigration reputation, disability); exploitation of perpetrator's vulnerability; and providing false information to the sufferer with the intent of creating them doubt their possess reminiscence or belief (e.G., intellect video games).
Why Is a regular Definition most important?

A foundational side of any public health surveillance process is constructing a normal case definition for the wellbeing outcome below surveillance. Using a ordinary case definition is one key element wanted to make sure that knowledge is accumulated in a systematic fashion. A excessive first-class case definition improves the comparability of the health-associated occasion reported from one of a kind sources of data, comparable to comparisons among geographic areas, or the ability to compare information over time.Extra, a steady definition is important in monitoring trends over time.

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