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[10 points] A water district needs an additional supply of water from a local re

ID: 1163658 • Letter: #

Question

[10 points] A water district needs an additional supply of water from a local reservoir. The engineer has selected two plans for comparison: (a) The “Gravity” plan, where water is diverted at a point 15 miles up-river from the reservoir and carried to the water district by gravity through the pipeline; or (2) the “Pumping” plan, where water is diverted at a point nearer the district and pumped through three miles of pipeline. The pumping station can be built in two stages, part now and part twenty years later.

Use a 50-year analysis period and 6% interest. Salvage values can be ignored. Use the conventional incremental benefit-cost ratio method to select the more economical plan.

Gravity

Pumping

Initial investment

$ 3,000,000

$ 1,500,000

Investment in 20th year

0

$ 300,000

Annual M&O

$ 15,000

$ 25,000

Average annual power cost

First 20 years

0

$ 50,000

Next 30 years

0

$ 100,000

Gravity

Pumping

Initial investment

$ 3,000,000

$ 1,500,000

Investment in 20th year

0

$ 300,000

Annual M&O

$ 15,000

$ 25,000

Average annual power cost

First 20 years

0

$ 50,000

Next 30 years

0

$ 100,000

Explanation / Answer

Here, the beneft of chosing 'Pumping' over 'Gravity' project, would be the lower investment.

So, the benefit = Present value of investments for Gravity - Present value of investments for Pumping

= 3,000,000 - (1,500,000 + (500,000/(1.08^20)))

= 1,392,726

We will use excel formula PV for calculating annuity values of costs for the projects

present value of M&O and power costs for Pumping project = present value of 50 year annuity of 25000 + present value of 20 year annuity of 75000 + present value of 30 year annuity of 150000 starting 20 years from now

= PV(8%,50,-25000) + PV(8%,20,-75000) + PV(8%,30,-150000)/(1.08^20) = 1,404,499

present value of M&O and power costs for Gravity project = present value of 50 year annuity of 25000 = PV(8%,50,-15000) = 183,502

Cost would be the difference of present value of M&O and power costs for Pumping project - present value of M&O and power costs for Gravity project

= 1,404,499- 183,502 = 1,220,996

Benefit/Cost = 1,392,726/1,220,996 = 1.14

Since, Benefit to cost ratio for choosing Pumping project over Gravity prject is more than 1, hence we will select Pumping project.

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