Crude hydrogen is a by-product from the oil refinery and is currently being rele
ID: 115523 • Letter: C
Question
Crude hydrogen is a by-product from the oil refinery and is currently being released into atmosphere. Annually, the oil refinery releases about 1500x103 m3 of crude hydrogen into atmosphere. It is proposed that this hydrogen could be piped to an industrial gas producer and supplier (BOL Gases) facility located next door. BOL Gases will separate, clean and pressurise the by-product (crude hydrogen) into hydrogen fuel for Green City Buses who wish to change their diesel operated buses to hydrogen buses. The sale price of hydrogen gas will be $2 per m3. The additional annual operational cost for BOL Gases for purifying hydrogen is estimated as $750,000 per million m3 of crude hydrogen. Efficiency of the separation and purification process at BOL Gases is expected to be 80%.
The Energy consumption of hydrogen buses will be 16.99 MJ/km with density of hydrogen as 0.0899 kg/m3 and calorific value as 121,000 kJ/kg. The energy consumption of diesel operated buses is 26.5 MJ/km and GHG emission during production and combustion stages of diesel is
0.014 kg CO2 e- / MJ and 73.25 g CO2 e- / MJ respectively. Calorific value of diesel is 38 MJ/litre.
1. a) Economic Benefits of this collaboration
b) What are the economic benefits for BOL Gases to purify the crude hydrogen from the oil refinery?
c) Environmental Benefits of this collaboration
e) How much GWP (kg CO2 e-) is reduced by using the hydrogen fuel as a diesel replacement for Green City Buses
In a city, a new potential opportunity for the implementation of industrial symbiosis has been identified. There are five industries, which have the potential for industrial symbiosis:
A 1300 MW power plant needs cold water and produces electricity along with steam and hot water
An oil refinery needs hot water and steam and produces gas, cold water and waste water
Axis Chemical needs electricity and clean water to produce medicine, waste water and biomass+yeast slurry
A plasterboard producer needs electricity and gas to produce plasterboards and soil slurry
Farms need electricity, nutrient rich soil and water to produce fruits.
Proposed Approach Unspecified amount of petrol m3, crude H2 Produce Petrol (Oil Refinery) m2, H2 fuel Purify Hydrogen (BOL Gases) Drive Hydrogen Buses (Green City Buses) Unspecified inputs km, distance travelled s-processing cost )/ revenue Existing Approach L, diesel km, distance travelled Unspecified amount of petrol Drive Diesel Buses Not So Green City Buses) Produce Petrol (Oil Refinery) m, vented crude H2 kg CO2e, GWP emissions Unspecified inputsExplanation / Answer
hydrogen is a by-product from the oil refinery and is currently being released into atmosphere. Annually, the oil refinery releases about 1500x103 m3 of crude hydrogen into atmosphere. It is proposed that this hydrogen could be piped to an industrial gas producer and supplier (BOL Gases) facility located next door. BOL Gases will separate, clean and pressurise the by-product (crude hydrogen) into hydrogen fuel for Green City Buses who wish to change their diesel operated buses to hydrogen buses. The sale price of hydrogen gas will be $2 per m3. The additional annual operational cost for BOL Gases for purifying hydrogen is estimated as $750,000 per million m3 of crude hydrogen. Efficiency of the separation and purification process at BOL Gases is expected to be 80%.
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