Müliple Choice Questions power draws on values, beliefs, and symbols and relies
ID: 1141269 • Letter: M
Question
Müliple Choice Questions power draws on values, beliefs, and symbols and relies on argument, persuasion, and rewards or punishments. a. Coercive b. Economic c. Stakeholder d. Symbolic 2. According to Kenneth Arrow, a market-based price system cannot resolve all resource conflicts in society. Society may also need mechanisms, like private charity and government assistance, to provide scarce resources (e.g. health care or food) fairly to all members of society. This type of assistance is an example of a. distributive justice principles b. core values c. social responsibility d. sympathy 3. According to Adam Smith, investors earn profits a. whenever demand exceeds supply. c. whenever it is in their self-interest to do so. d. as a reward or incentive for taking risks. 4. If I go to Brazil with the intent of investing in real estate I will be severely limited in my understanding of laws and business practices in that country. Consequently it will be very difficult for me to know when or how others may take advantage of me. This type of ndition, the limited ability of principals to understand and process information necessary to make informed decisions is termed a. intentional advising b. information asymmetry c. contractual confusion d. bounded rationality. 5. According to Jeremy Bentham, people are naturally drawn to seek the greatest pleasure possible. He supported this position by a. citing that every civilization and language honors and recognizes pleasure as a desirable b. arguing that all great men were driven by the desire to satisty whatever they deemed to be pleasurable. c. arguing that no behavior could be identfied that did not have its origins or motives in the pursuit of pleasure. d. the results of experiments he did with small children who learned more quickly when offered rewards. 6. Ethical egoism is "normative"; meaning it considers a. what should be c. what actually is b. what others expect of us d. what yields the best outcomes 7. An advocate of egoism might make the argument that an observer jumping off a subway platform to save the life of a complete stranger still represents an act of self-interest. A critic of egoism might respond a. such an act is inherently irrational. Rational decision making is an essential component of egoism. b. from the standpoint of the observer, his/her own life must be viewed as more valuable than that of the stranger. c, no moral theory of action can be judged in the context of instantaneous decisions such as this. d. the concept of self-interest has been expanded so far it is useless. 8. Privacy is oftentimes defined as "the right to be left alone. Based on this definition privacy is aright. a. positive b. moral c. natural d. negative 9. An employee holds religious beliefs that prohibit him/her from performing certain tasks (e.g. a Jehovah's Witness singing happy birthday to customers). What right does the employee have? a. An unpaid leave of absence when that particular duty is required. b. Religious objections do not provide a legal basis for an employee to refuse to perform a required job duty. c. An appropriate accommodation such as re-assignment of other job duties. d. A constitutional right to refuse such tasks. 10. John Locke was a philosopher advocating "natural rights. The the foundation of "natural rights" tend to be the right to a. health and safety b. free conscious c. experience pleasure and be free from pain. d. propertyExplanation / Answer
(1) (a)
Coercive power relies on the leader's ability to influence the workers/followers using a system of rewards or punishments.
(2) (a)
Distributive justice refers to the allocation of goods to the society, which is "socially just and fair".
(3) (d)
(4) (b)
Information asymmetry arises when the principal and the agent do not have complete information about each other, therefore principal-agent problems arise.
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