Do surface features of Egypt contribute to economic, cultural, political, and so

Question

Do surface features of Egypt contribute to economic, cultural, political, and social differences among different regions of the country?

What are the influences of inland waterways and outlets to the sea in Egypt?

Does the climate in Egypt influence business and/or the marketing mix?

What has been the influence of discovery and use of mineral resources and energy sources in Egypt?

What has been the impact, if any, from Egypt's industrial disasters, or what is being done to protect against such events?

Explanation / Answer

1) Egypt has an area of 385,229 square miles (1,001,000 square kilometers). The country is separated from its neighbors by either ocean or sparsely populated desert. To the north is the Mediterranean Sea, and to the east the Red Sea. Egypt is separated from Libya and North Africa by the western desert, from Palestine and Israel by the desert of the Sinai Peninsula, and from the centers of population in the Sudan by desert except along the narrow Nile River. Among the major geographical features of Egypt are the Nile River and the Suez Canal, which joins the Red Sea and the Mediterranean Sea, and also separates Egypt proper from Sinai. The highest point is Mount Catherine in the Sinai, at 8,743 feet

About 96 percent of Egypt's population lives in the Nile Valley, which comprises about 4 percent of the area of the country; most of the economic and social activity occurs there. The rest of the country is desert. This includes the scrub desert along the Mediterranean coast between the Nile Delta and Libya, and along the north coast of the Sinai Peninsula; the mountainous desert between the Nile Valley and the Red Sea; and the western desert west of the Nile Valley. Rainfall in these areas is rare to nonexistent.

2) The urgency of significant combination of inland waterways in Egypt was pointed out. Logistics plays a critical role in the recovery of the inland waterways sector and economy as well. International and domestic trade, which will have a major impact and will in fact be one of the drivers of economic growth, will depend to a large extent on the availability of infrastructure alongside the River Nile.

The research figured out many factors that hinder the development of the river transport system in Egypt. The absence of local and foreign investors, the difficulties in different aspects e.g. technical, logistical, legal and operational in the river transport system are making the utilization of the river transport system inefficient. In addition, a comparison of Egypt’s river transport’s system through the use of a conceptual model that shows the ideal inland waterway system is provided. Then the research proposes suggestions and solutions for the previously mentioned obstacles for river transport sector in Egypt, which has been outlined in a descriptive model in order to have an integrated concept for this issue.

The greatest obstacle for development or change is not admitting the need for it. Since the Egyptian authorities, companies and logisticians seem to be aware of the problems and challenges which need to be solved, developing an efficient logistics inland waterways system should not be difficult for these parties. However the key question is whether there is a serious interest in overcoming these challenges or not before it is too late. Logistics can potentially become the most important source of cost and quality advantages available to companies in Egypt.

3)At an economic development conference in Sharm el-Sheikh from March 13-15 th, Egyptian President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi sought further investment from the international community to jump-start his country’s stagnant economy. Thanks to a string of revolutions, not to mention the coup that brought Sisi to power, Egypt’s government has changed a number of times over the past few years, making it difficult for any economic agenda to take hold. Additionally, years of corruption and mismanaged subsidy programs, coupled with a lack of investment in job creation, have left the state reeling.
While immediate investment to help stimulate the economy is needed, it could turn out to be the least of Egypt’s worries, as yet another potentially catastrophic event continues to linger on the horizon. That challenge, which is rapidly becoming inescapable, is the sinking of the Nile Delta as a result of climate change – an event that could plummet the Egyptian economy into irreversible devastation.

4) Compared with the physical size of the country and the level of its population, Egypt has scanty mineral resources. The search for petroleum began earlier in Egypt than elsewhere in the Middle East, and production on a small scale began as early as 1908, but it was not until the mid-1970s that significant results were achieved, notably in the Gulf of Suez and portions of the Western Desert. By the early 1980s Egypt had become an important oil producer, although total production was relatively small by Middle Eastern standards.

The bulk of Egypt’s petroleum comes from the Morgan, Ramadan, and July fields (both onshore and offshore) in the Gulf of Suez, which are operated by the Gulf of Suez Petroleum Company (commonly known as Gupco), and from the Ab Rudays area of the Sinai on the Gulf of Suez. Egypt also extracts oil from fields at Al-Alamayn (El-Alamein) and Razzq in the Western Desert. Active drilling for oil, involving several international interests, including those of the United States and several European countries, has continued in both the Eastern and the Western deserts, with marked success during the 1990s and early 21st century.

  Several of Egypt’s major known phosphate deposits are mined at Isn, amrwayn, and Safjah. Coal deposits are located in the partially developed Maghrah mines in the Sinai Peninsula. Mines located in the Eastern Desert have been the primary source for manganese production since 1967, and there are also reserves of manganese on the Sinai Peninsula. Iron ore is extracted from deposits at Aswn, and development work has continued at Al-Bariyyah Oasis. Chromium, uranium, and gold deposits are also found in the country.

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