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The objective of this exercise is to examine pressure gradients and the three ba

ID: 110723 • Letter: T

Question

The objective of this exercise is to examine pressure gradients and the three basic wind types.

1. The average (standard) sea level pressure is ____mb or ____inches of mercury.

2. Columbus and Pittsburgh are approximately 300 km apart. What is the pressure gradient (in units of mb/100 km) between the two cities

if the barometric pressure in Columbus is 1021.6 mb and the barometric pressure in Pittsburgh is 1020.7 mb?

if the barometric pressure in Columbus is 991.6 mb and the barometric pressure in Pittsburgh is 988.0 mb?

3. In question 2, which scenario, a or b, would produce the weaker wind? How did you determine this?

4. Fill in the blanks with the appropriate directions. A 270° wind is also known as a

___________ wind and moves from ___________ to ___________.

5. Describe the upper-level flow (gradient wind flow) around an area of low pressure (L) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Use the words (clockwise or counterclockwise) and (parallel, inward, or outward).

6. Describe the surface flow around an area of low pressure (L) in the Northern Hemisphere.

Use the words (clockwise or counterclockwise) and (parallel, inward, or outward).

7. What causes surface winds to flow in a slightly different direction than gradient winds?

Explanation / Answer

1. 1013.2 mb and 29.92 inches of mercury.

The air around you has weight, and it presses against everything it touches. That pressure is called atmospheric pressure, or air pressure. It is the force exerted on a surface by the air above it as gravitypulls it to Earth.

Atmospheric pressure is commonly measured with a barometer. In a barometer, a column of mercury in a glass tube rises or falls as the weight of the atmosphere changes. Meteorologists describe the atmospheric pressure by how high the mercury rises.

An atmosphere (atm) is a unit of measurement equal to the average air pressure at sea levelat a temperature of 15 degrees Celsius (59 degrees Fahrenheit). One atmosphere is 1,013 millibars, or 760 millimeters (29.92 inches) of mercury.

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