Petroleum refers to the collection of naturally occurring organic molecules cons

Question

Petroleum refers to the collection of naturally occurring organic molecules consisting mainly of hydrogen and carbon atoms, hence the name hydrocarbons. Crude oil is composed of hydrocarbon molecules that exist in the liquid state, whereas gaseous hydrocarbons make up what is collectively referred to as natural gas. As illustrated in Figure 13.4, oil and gas accumulate in places where the molecules can become trapped within porous and permeable rock formations. The key to trapping oil and gas is the presence of an overlying impermeable layer that prevents the hydrocarbons from rising to the surface. Once located, an economical deposit is extracted by drilling a well. During the refining process, crude oil is heated in order to separate the various hydrocarbon molecules based on their density (natural gas requires only minimal refining). Products refined from crude oil include gasoline, diesel fuel, kerosene, motor oils, and grease. Figure 13.4-Oil and gas become trapped in the subsurface beneath an impermeable rock formation, thereby allowing hydrocarbons to accumulate in some underlying porous and permeable rock. 5) Exploring for petroleum deposits is restricted almost exclusively to sedimentary basins. Describe the geologic reason why oil companies rarely bother to explore in igneous and metamorphic rock terrain. 6) Explain the meaning of the "oil and gas window" label located on left side of Figure 13.4

Explanation / Answer

5) It is because the oil and gas are closely packed in the region near or in between the sedimentary and the metamorphic rock terrain. these terrains are act like the oil reserviour in beneath the earth crust. when some geothermal process takes place, these are happen in these region. for any oil company it is very risky to take the oil directly from these regions as they may be responsible for thermal abruption if any wrong disturbance take place. so for the environmental sake they don't bother to do it.

6) It is basically defined as the localization of the oil and gas reserviour beneath the earth crust. this oil and gas window make us estimation the fact about the temperature range upto which the different gases are found or generate. it was found that about 60-120 degree celcius it is called the oil window and then in range of 100-200 degree celcius it is gas window.

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