1. What is an azeotrope? 2. What is the purpose of adding 10% sodium carbonate s

Question

1. What is an azeotrope?

2. What is the purpose of adding 10% sodium carbonate solution to the distillate if it is acidic to litmus?

3. During a steam distillation, how can you tell if the organic compound is still coming over (i.e., still being distilled)?

4. For this experiment, at the end of the steam distillation, the receiving flask should contain two layers of liquid. What is the chemical identity of these two liquids?

5. Under what conditions is it better to perform a steam distillation (instead of, say, a simple distillation)?

Explanation / Answer

Ans 1 :

Azeotropes are the binary mixtures of the liquids, which have the same composition in vapor and the liquid phase.

These mixtures tend to boil at the same temperature and so it is not possible to seperate the liquid components of this mixture by fractional distillation.

So there are two kinds of azeotropes : minimum boiling azeotrope and maximum boiling azeotrope.

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