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± Fundamentals of Equilibrium Concentration Calculations The reversible reaction

ID: 1075449 • Letter: #

Question

± Fundamentals of Equilibrium Concentration Calculations

The reversible reaction

XY(aq)X(aq)+Y(aq)

has a reaction quotient Qc defined as

Qc=[X][Y][XY]

Because the reaction is reversible, both the forward and reverse reactions will occur simultaneously. The reaction will eventually reach equilibrium, at which point the concentrations do not change, and Qc is equal to a constant known as Kc.

Figure

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Part B

Based on a Kc value of 0.190 and the given data table, what are the equilibrium concentrations of  XY, X, and Y, respectively?

Express the molar concentrations numerically.

Calculating equilibrium concentrations when the net reaction proceeds in reverse

Consider mixture C, which will cause the net reaction to proceed in reverse.

Concentration (M)initial:change:equilibrium:[XY]0.200+x0.200+xnet[X]0.300x0.300x+[Y]0.300x0.300x

The change in concentration, x, is positive for the reactants because they are produced and negative for the products because they are consumed.

Part C

Based on a Kc value of 0.190 and the data table given, what are the equilibrium concentrations of  XY, X, and Y, respectively?

Express the molar concentrations numerically.

Initial concentrations (M) Mixture [XY] [X] [Y] A 0.100 0 0 B 0.500 0.100 0.100 C 0.200 0.300 0.300 Reaction forms products Reaction forms reactants Equilibrium

Explanation / Answer

The reaction happening will be

XY(aq) ------ X(aq) + Y(aq)

K = [X][Y]/[XY]

Part A

For mixture A

Q = [0][0]/0.100 = 0

Since K>Q, reaction will form products and move to right

For mixture B

Q = [0.100][0.100]/0.500 = 0.02

Since K>Q, reaction will form products and move to right

For mixture C

Q = [0.30][0.30]/0.20 = 0.45

Since K<Q, reaction will form reactants and move to left

Part B

For mixture C

XY ----- X + Y

Initial 0.200 0.300 0.300

Final (0.200+x) (0.300-x) (0.300-x)

K = (0.300-x)^2/(0.200+x) = 0.190

x = 0.0724

[X] = [Y] = 0.3 - 0.0724 = 0.2276

[XY] = 0.2 + 0.0724 = 0.2724M

Part C

For mixture A

XY ----- X + Y

Initial 0.100 0 0

Final (0.100-x) x x

K = x^2/(0.100-x) = 0.190

x = 0.0724

[X] = [Y] = 0.0724

[XY] = 0.1 - 0.0724= 0.0276M

For mixture B

XY ----- X + Y

Initial 0.500 0.100 0.100

Final (0.500-x) (0.1+x) (0.1+x)

K = (0.1+x)^2/(0.500-x) = 0.190

x = 0.1557

[X] = [Y] = 0.2557

[XY] = 0.5 - 0.1557 = 0.3443M

For mixture C

XY ----- X + Y

Initial 0.200 0.300 0.300

Final (0.200+x) (0.300-x) (0.300-x)

K = (0.300-x)^2/(0.200+x) = 0.190

x = 0.0724

[X] = [Y] = 0.3 - 0.0724 = 0.2276

[XY] = 0.2 + 0.0724 = 0.2724M