please explain question #1 fully. thank you. Chemistry 106 Post-Lab Assessment Q

Question

   please explain question #1 fully. thank you.

Chemistry 106 Post-Lab Assessment Questions: (10 points) 1. (2 pts) he coefficients in a reaction equation are not necessarily equal to the reaction orders, the coefficients of an elementary step always equal the reaction orders of its rate law. Explain. 2. (4 pts) A reaction can be thermodynamically favorable, but kinetically unfavorable. What does that mean? When is a reaction thermodynamically or kinetically favorable or unfavorable? Choose a suitable reaction and draw energy diagrams to explain these concepts. 3. (4 pts) For a reaction the following mechanism was proposed: (1) A+ B e C (fast)

Explanation / Answer

the reaction orders are not equal to the stoichiometric coefficients for many reaction.

For example, the chemical reaction between mercury (II) chloride and oxalate ion.

2HgCl2 + C2O42- ---> 2Cl- + 2CO2 + Hg2Cl2

rate equation of this reaction.

r = k [HgCl2]1[C2O42]2

In this case, the reaction order with respect to the reactant HgCl2 is 1 and with respect to oxalate ion is 2; the overall reaction order is 1 + 2 = 3.

The reaction orders (here 1 and 2 respectively) differ from the stoichiometric coefficients (2 and 1). Reaction orders can be determined only by experiment.

Elementary (single-step) reactions do have reaction orders equal to the stoichiometric coefficients for each reactant. The overall reaction order, is the sum of stoichiometric coefficients of reactants, is always equal to the molecularity of the elementary reaction.

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