Why does molecular fluorescence often occurs at a longer wavelength than the exc

Question

Why does molecular fluorescence often occurs at a longer wavelength than the exciting radiation?

Loss of energy due to radioactive transitions from an excited vibrational energy level to a lower vibrational level of an electronically excited state, with the emission of fluorescence.

Stokes shift: Loss of energy due to non-radiative transitions from an excited vibrational energy level to the lowest vibrational level of an electronically excited state, from which a photon is then emitted.

Addition of energy from an excited vibrational level to the highest vibrational level of an electronically excited state.

Internal conversion: Addition of energy from solvent molecules to the species in the lowest vibrational level of an electronically excited state.

Loss of energy due to radioactive transitions from an excited vibrational energy level to a lower vibrational level of an electronically excited state, with the emission of fluorescence.

Stokes shift: Loss of energy due to non-radiative transitions from an excited vibrational energy level to the lowest vibrational level of an electronically excited state, from which a photon is then emitted.

Addition of energy from an excited vibrational level to the highest vibrational level of an electronically excited state.

Internal conversion: Addition of energy from solvent molecules to the species in the lowest vibrational level of an electronically excited state.

Explanation / Answer

(B)

Stokes shift: Loss of energy due to non-radiative transitions from an excited vibrational energy level to the lowest vibrational level of an electronically excited state, from which a photon is then emitted.

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