48.0 g of ethanol was refluxed with 6.7 g of benzoyl chloride. Upon work up, 5.4

Question

48.0 g of ethanol was refluxed with 6.7 g of benzoyl chloride. Upon work up, 5.43 g of ethylbenzoate was obtained. The stoichiometry of the reaction is 1:1-> 1:1 Calculate the theoretical and the percent yield. Show calculations. (Atomic weights, C= 12.011, H= 1.0079, O= 15.9994, Cl= 35.453).

7. (9 pt.) 48.0 g of ethanol was refluxed with 6.7 g of benzoyl chloride. Upon work up, 5.43 g of obtained. The stoichiometry theoretical and the percent yield. Show of the reaction is 1:1 1:1 Calculate the o 15.9994, Cl (atomic weights, C 12.01 H 1.0079, 35.453) OCH2CH3 CH3CH2OH HCI benzoyl chloride ethyl benzoate

Explanation / Answer

We first calculate the number of moles from all the mass data given because stoichiometric balance is done in terms of no of moles and not in terms of mass.

For this we first need to calculate molecular masses of each components. Let us express the molecules as chemical formulae from their structural formulae.

Benzoyl chloride will be C7H5OCl, ethanol will be C2H6O and ethyl benzoate will be C9H10O2. Now molecular masses can be easily calculated. Molar mass of Benzoyl chloride = 7*12.011 + 5*1.0079 + 15.9994 + 35.453 = 140.57 g/mol. Similarly, molar mass of ethanol = 46.068 g/mol and ethyl benzoate = 150.18 g/mol.

Now we need to calculate no of moles of each mass data.

48 g of ethanol = 48 / 46.068 = 1.0419 mol. 6.7 g benzoyl chloride = 6.7 / 140.57 = 0.0477 mol. 5,43 g of ethyl benzoate = 5.43 / 150.18 = 0.0362 mol.

Clearly benzoyl cholride is the limiting reagent since ethanol is in excess. Therefore the theoretical yield will be when 0.0477 mol benzoyl chloride will convert to give 0.0477 mol of ethyl benzoate. [This can be determined from reaction stoichiometry, since 1 mole benzoyl cholride reacts to give 1 mole ethyl benzoate]. Therefore theoretical yield = 0.0477 .

Percentage yield = (actual yield / theoretical yield) * 100. Actual yield is 0.0362 moles of ethyl benzoate.

Therefore percentage yield = 0.0362/0.0477 *100 = 75.89 %

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