The ideal gas law PV = n_RT relates pressure P, volume V, temperature T, and num
ID: 1051497 • Letter: T
Question
The ideal gas law PV = n_RT relates pressure P, volume V, temperature T, and number of moles of a gas, n. The gas constant R equals 0.08206 L middot atm/(K middot mol) or 8.3145 J/(K middot mol). The equation can be rearranged as follows to solve for n: n = PV/RT This equation is useful when dealing with gaseous reactions because stoichiometric calculations involve mole ratios. When heated, calcium carbonate decomposes to yield calcium oxide and carbon dioxide gas via the reaction CaCO_3 (s)rightarrow C_aO (s) CO_2 What is the mass of calcium carbonate needed to produce 75.0 L of carbon dioxide at STP? Express your answer with the appropriate units. Butane, C_4H_10, is a component of natural gas that is used as fuel for cigarette lighters. The balanced equation of the complete combustion of butane is 2C_4H_10 (g) + 13O_2 (g) rightarrow CO_2 (g) + 10H_2O (l) At 1.00 atm and 23 degree C, what is the volume of carbon dioxide formed by the combustion of 1.40 g of butane? Express your answer with the appropriate units.Explanation / Answer
A)
moles of CO2 be n
P*V = n*R*T
1atm * 75.0 L = n*0.0821*273
n = 3.346 mol
moles of CaCO3 required = moles of CO2 produced
= 3.346 mol
molar mass of CaCO3 = 100.1 g/mol
mass of CaCO3 = Number of moles * molar mass
= 3.346 * 100.1
= 335 g
Answer: 335 g
b)
number of moles of butane = mass/molar mass
= 1.40 / 58
= 0.024 mol
moles of CO2 formed = (8/2)*0.024 mol
=0.096 mol
use:
P*V = n*R*T
1*V =0.096*0.0821*(23+273)
V = 2.35 L
Answer: 2.35 L
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