represented above are five identical balloons, each filled to the same volume at
ID: 1042115 • Letter: R
Question
represented above are five identical balloons, each filled to the same volume at 25C Represented above are five identical balloons, each filled to the same volume at 25 C as atmosphere pressure with the pure gases indicated. (a) Which balloon contains the greatest mass of gas? Explain. (b) Compare the average kinetic energies of the gas molecules in the balloons. Explain ) Which balloon contains the gas that would be expected to deviate most from the beh ideal gas? Explain. Twelve hours after being filled, all the balloons have decreased in size, Prodict which be the smallest. Explain your reasoningExplanation / Answer
(a) The balloon containing CO2 is the heaviest or contains the greatest mass as it has the greatest molar mass.
CO2 – 44 g/mol [12+(16x2)]
O2 – 32 g/mol (16x2)
He – 4 g/mol (4x1)
N2 – 28 g/mol (14x2)
CH4 – 16 g/mol [12+(1x4)]
(b) The average kinetic energies of the gas molecules in the balloons are all equal because they are all held at the same temperature of 25°C
Average Kinetic Energy is dependent only on temperature; therefore if the temperature is the same throughout, the average kinetic energies are equal.
(c) Of all the gases, CO2 would deviate the most from the behavior of an ideal gas because it has the most electrons and this makes it have the largest intermolecular (London) forces. Furthermore, CO2 is a polar molecule because of its molecular configuration.
(d) The balloon containing He would be the smallest balloon after 12 hours because He is the lightest gas and thus has the greatest molecular speed, and so it easily penetrates the wall and effuses according to Graham’s Law.
Graham found experimentally that the rate of effusion of a gas is inversely proportional to the square root of the mass of its particles.
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