pt.) You accepted an opportunity to work with the MaxURProfits consulting group

Question

pt.) You accepted an opportunity to work with the MaxURProfits consulting group for a slight raise with substantial bonuses. Your first project was to optimize the Haber process at a plant in Malaysia. To start with, consider the formation of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen N2 (g) + 3 H2g) 2 NH3 (8) At equilibrium, the concentration of N2 is 0.375 M, H2 is 0.165 M and NH3 is 0.25 M. What is the value of Ke? Calculate the Kp from the Kc. You decide to change the concentrations of N2 to 0.475 M, H2 to 0.435 M and NH3 is 0.125 M. Calculate the reaction quotient, Q. Based on the value of the reaction quotient, will the reaction shift toward reactant or products to regain equilibrium?

Explanation / Answer

Ans. #I. Kc = [NH3]2 / ([N2] [H2]3)                           - all [conc.] at equilibrium

Now,

            Kc = (0.25)2 / [0.375 x (0.165)3]

            Hence, Kc = 37.102

#II. Kp = Kc x (RT)dn                       - reaction 1

            Where,

dn = sum of stoichiometric coefficients of Product - sum of stoichiometric coefficients of reactant

or, dn = 2 (for NH3) – [ 1 (for N2) + 3 (for H2)] = -2

Putting the values in above equation-

            Kp = 37.102 x (0.0821 x 298)-2 = 37.102 x 0.00167

Hence, Kp = 0.062

Note: The question does NOT mentions the reaction temperature. If the temperature is different from 25.00C, follow the steps to calculate the value of Kp at another temperature.

#III. Reaction quotient, Q = [NH3]2 / ([N2] [H2]3)                        - all initial [conc.]

Now,

            Q = (0.125)2 / [0.475 x (0.435)3] = 0.400

# Since Q < Kc, the reaction proceeds to the RIGHT to form more PRODUCTS and re-establish the equilibrium.

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