Overview Questions The explanations for many of these periodic trends are relate

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Overview Questions The explanations for many of these periodic trends are related to the effective nuclear charge (Zt and the distance of valence electrons from the nucleus. Use these ideas to answer the following questions 1. Explain why Se has a larger atomic diameter than S 2. Explain why Cl has a smaller atomic diameter than Na. 3. Why does F have a higher ionization energy than C 4. Why does Cs have a lower ionization energy than Rb? All of the common noble gases are monatomic and low-boiling. Their boiling points in °C are: Ne, -245; Ar, -186; Kr, -152; Xe, -107; Rn, 62. The an atomic number of 118, is a synthetic element. Only a few atoms have been made, so no 5. next noble gas followring Rn, with t has actually been measured. It has been given the symbol Og, and named oganesson (after Russian physicist Yuri Oganessian). Since periodic trends exist for other properties studied today, predict, as best you can,the boiling point of Og. Show your evidence or reasoning Boiling point °C

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Question No 1

Answer: Effective nuclear Charge is the actual charge felt by an electron. It is determined by substracting a screening constant for the inner electrons from the actual nuclear charge. On moving down the group from Sulphur (S) to Selenium (Se) atomic size increases due to the addition of an extra shell. The sheilding effect also increases due to the fact that the inner orbital electrons cloud serve as a screen between the nucleus and the outermost electron. Although the nuclear charge increases down the group but screening effect is more therfore counter its effect. Thus Selenium having less Zeff has a higher atomic diameter than Sulphur.

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