I alredy did everything. they just ask me these questions for my introduction Ta
ID: 1035185 • Letter: I
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I alredy did everything. they just ask me these questions for my introduction
Taken from: Laboratory Experiments: Chemistry The Central Science, Twelfth Edition Experiment 8 Chemical Reactions To observe typical chemical reactions, identify some of the products and OBJECTIVE summarize the chemical changes in terms of balanced chemical equations. Apparatus Bunsen burner and hose 6 in. test tube thistle tube or long-stem funnel droppers (2) APPARATUS AND CHEMICALS crucible and cover glass tubing ring stand, ring, wire triangle Chemicals 0.1 M sodium oxalate, Na2C204 10 MNaOH powdered sulfur 0.1 M KMn0 0.1 M Pb(NO)2 6 MHCI 6 M H2SO4 mossy zinc 6 M NH3 (ag) conc. HNO 3 M (NH4)2CO 0.1 M NaHSO, (freshly prepared) KMno, 2 in. length of copper wire 2 1 in. lengths of copper wire (14-, 16-, or 18- gauge) a2CO Na2SO ZnS 0.1 M BaCl2 Chemical equations represent what transpires in a chemical reaction For exam-DISCUSSION ple the equation 2KCIo,(s)-A2KCI)+302(8) means that potassium chlorate, KClO,, decomposes upon heating (? ?s the symbol used for heat) to yield potassium chloride, KCl, and oxygen, O2. Before an equation can be written for a reaction, someone must establish what the products are. How does that person decide what these products are? Products are identified by their chemical and physical properties as well as by analyses. That oxygen rather than chlorine gas is produced in the above reaction can be established by the fact that oxygen is a colorless, odorless gas. Chlorine, on the other hand, is a pale yellow-green gas with an irritating odor. In this experiment, you will observe that in some cases, gases are produced, precipitates are formed, or color changes occur during the reactions. These are all indications that a chemical reaction has occurred. To identify some of the products of the reactions, consult Table 8.1, which lists some of the properties of the substances that can be formed in these reactions. Reagent bottle may be labeled 6 MNHOHExplanation / Answer
1. A chemical reaction is the one in which the rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance occurs, as distinct from a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction.
The indication of the occurrence of a chemical reaction depends on the nature of the reaction - either through color change or by evolving gas bubbles (for example, H2 gas), exothermic, endothermic, etc.
2. A chemical equation is the symbolic representation of a chemical reaction in the form of symbols and formulae, where the reactants are given on the left-hand side and the products on the right-hand side.
3. The chemical changes can be summarized in the balanced chemical equation by the formation of a precipitate (solid) from aqueous solution, for example, BaCl2(aq) + H2SO4(aq) = BaSO4(s) + 2HCl(aq)
4. (i) Decomposition Reactions.
(ii) Single Displacement Reactions
(iii) Double Displacement Reactions - a) Precipitation, b) Acid-Base Neutralization
(iv) Combustion
(v) Organic Reactions
(vi) Redox
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