_______ occurs when a chromosome segment (including the centromere) is detached,
ID: 102631 • Letter: #
Question
_______ occurs when a chromosome segment (including the centromere) is detached, flipped 180 degree, and reattached to the chromosome a translocation b reciprocal translocation c pericentric inversion d paracentric inversion For cytological analysis, the purpose of adding a hypotonic solution to the cells a to remove all water from the sample b allow room for the chromosome to spread out c arrest mitosis d lyse the cell Compound chromosome are a result of fusing: a Heterologus chromosome b Sister Chromatids c Fused segments of homologues chromosomes d b and c How would you represent the karyotype of a female with Down Syndrome? a 46, XX, -1 b 46, X, +21 c 47, XX, +21 d 47, X, +1 Klinefelter Syndrome results in the duplication of the entire X chromosome. These individuals are phenotypically male, but display female secondary characteristics. It is possible for Klinefelter males to carry several copies of the X chromosome. How does the human body respond to the appearance of numerous X chromosomes? a. Early death b. Apoptosis of cells with extra X chromosomes d. Dosage compensation of X chromosomes When a translocation occurs between heterologous chromosomes all 4 chromosomes will pair up in a cruciform style. It is still possible to produce euploid gametes and thus result in a fertile offsprings. How must the chromosomes disjoin for this to occur? a Adjacent disjunction 1 b Alternate disjunction c Adjacent disjunction 2 d Non-disjunctionExplanation / Answer
14. The correct option is c pericentric inversion
A pericentric inversion includes the centromere and there is a break point in each arm.
15. The correct option is a to remove all water from the sample
If the external solution becomes more dilute, or hypotonic, water will move into the cell until it balances the internal and external concentration. As a result, the cell enlarges, or swells. Every cell is surrounded by a plasma membrane that regulates passage of water. When the concentration of fluid differs between the inside of a cell and the extracellular environment, water move into or out of cells in a direction that helps balance these differences.
16. The correct option is d b and c
Compound chromosomes are a single genetic unit formed by the fusion of homologous chromosomes/sister chromatids/ or homologous segments.
17. The correct option is c 47, XX, +21
The Down syndrome karyotype shows a total of 47 chromosomes instead of 46. This is a disorder caused by abnormal cell division that results in an extra chromosome, specifically chromosome 21.
18. b.Apoptosis of cells with extra X chromosome.
Apoptosis is a process which is responsible for the physiological regulation of germ-cell death during differentiation and maturation of normal human germ cells and contribute to the excessive germ-cell demise in males with 47,XXY.
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