A formulation pharmacist has developed an injection for dental local anesthesia

Question

A formulation pharmacist has developed an injection for dental local anesthesia that contains the following agents: Lidocaine Hydrochloride 1% Epinephrine Bitartrate 1: 50,000 Sodium Chloride 6.5 mg/mL Potassium Metabisulfite 1.2 mg/mL Edetate Disodium 0.25 mg/mL Sterile Purified Water, ad 1.7 mL Using the following data, determine the total tonic effect, expressed in terms of percent strength of "sodium chloride" or its equivalent. Lidocaine Hydrochloride (E = 0.2) Epinephrine Bitartrate (E = 0.18) Potassium Metabisulfite (m.w. 222: i = 2.6) Edetate Disodium (m.w. 372: i = 2.6)

Explanation / Answer

ANSWERTo calculate the Equivalenttonic effect of sodium chloride represented by an ingredient in a preparation , multiply by its weight by its E-value.

gx E-value = g equivalent toic effect of sodium chloride

Moe over in isotonic solution, as our body

g x (drug substance) x E-value (drug substance) = ml of water x 0.009

This implicate that 6.5 mg sodium chloride x E = 1.7 ml x 0.009

Which indicates

E= (1700 microliter x 0.009) / 6.5

Hence E = 15.3 / 6.5

i.e E= 2.35

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