Use the appropriate mathematical equation to explain how the spontaneity of a ch
ID: 1022391 • Letter: U
Question
Use the appropriate mathematical equation to explain how the spontaneity of a chemical reaction depends on whether the entropy increases or decreases and whether the reaction is endothermic or exothermic. In your answer, mention any cases in which a reaction can go from being non-spontaneous to spontaneous, or vice versa, just by changing the temperature. The oxidation of ammonia produces nitrogen and water according to 4NH_3(g) + 3O_2(g) rightarrow 2N_2(g) + 6H_2O(I) Calculate the change in standard molar Gibbs energy when sulfur trioxide gas reacts with nitrogen monoxide gas to produce sulfur dioxide gas and nitrogen dioxide gas. Nitric oxide reacts with hydrogen at a measurable rate at 1000 K according to the following equation: 2NO(g) + 2H_2(g) rightarrow N_2(g) + 2H_2O(I) Rate = k [NO]^2 [H_2] What is the order of this reaction in [NO]? What is the order of the reaction in [H_2]? What is the overall order? Write the equation you would use to calculate K_sp for the following equilibrium: SrCl_2(s) Sr^2+ (aq) + 2 cl (aq) What is the equation for K_p for the following chemical reaction? N_2O_5 N_2(g) + O_2(g)Explanation / Answer
1)delta G=deltaH-TdeltaS
Entropy change and enthalpy change together influence the spontaneity of a chemical reaction. It works like this:
If a reaction has a positive entropy change and a negative enthalpy change, it will always be spontaneous.
If a reaction has a positive entropy change and a positive enthalpy change, it can only be spontaneous if the temperature is high enough (the cut-off temperature varies from reaction to reaction).
If a reaction has a negative entropy change and a negative enthalpy change, it can only be spontaneous if the temperature is low enough.
If a reaction has a negative entropy change and a positive enthalpy change, it can never be spontaneous. That doesn't mean the reaction won't happen, it just means the reaction will need a constant supply of free energy in order to keep running.
2) order of [NO]=2
order of [H2]=1
overall order=2+1=3
3)Ksp=[Sr2+][Cl-]2
4) Kp=[(pN2)(pO2)]/(pN2O5)
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