Word Bank : Electrophiles lower zwitterion increases cyanide cyanohydrin ~1700 ~
ID: 1019782 • Letter: W
Question
Word Bank : Electrophiles lower zwitterion increases cyanide cyanohydrin ~1700 ~2700 higher donating ylide decreases withdrawing nucleophiles
Aldehydes and ketones react with ____________ at the carbonyl carbon.
In an IR spectrum, the carbonyl absorption of cyclic ketones shifts to ____________ wavenumbers as the size of the ring decreases and the ring strain increases.
Increasing the number of alkyl groups on the carbonyl carbon ____________ the amount of hydrate at equilibrium.
In an IR spectrum, aldehydes and ketones give a strong peat at ____________
cm ¹ due to the C=O.
Electron- ____________ groups near the carbonyl carbon stabilize the carbon group, which ____________ the amount of the hydrate at equilibrium.
Wittig reagents are a type of ____________ , which is a species that contains two oppositely charged atoms bonded to each other and both atoms having octets.
Treatment of an aldehyde or ketone with NaCN and a strong acid such as HCl adds the elements of HCN across the carbon-oxygen bond, forming a ____________ .
Electron- ____________ groups near the carbonyl carbon destabilize the carbonyl group, which ____________ the amount of hydrate at equilibrium.
Explanation / Answer
Aldehydes and ketones react with Nucleophiles at the carbonyl carbon.
The carbonyl carbon has partial positive charge so it reacts with a component that is electron rich.
In an IR spectrum, the carbonyl absorption of cyclic ketones shifts to higher wavenumbers as the size of the ring decreases and the ring strain increases.
small rings impose strain and increase the net C=O bond
Increasing the number of alkyl groups on the carbonyl carbon decreases the amount of hydrate at equilibrium.
Increasing alkyl chain increases the sterics at the carbonyl and so makes reaction difficult
In an IR spectrum, aldehydes and ketones give a strong peat at ~1700_
cm ?¹ due to the C=O.
The C=O band appears between 1700 - 1750 cm-1
Electron- Donating groups near the carbonyl carbon stabilize the carbon group, which increases the amount of the hydrate at equilibrium.
Wittig reagents are a type of Zwitterion , which is a species that contains two oppositely charged atoms bonded to each other and both atoms having octets.
It has negative charge on charbon and positive charge on phosphorous
Treatment of an aldehyde or ketone with NaCN and a strong acid such as HCl adds the elements of HCN across the carbon-oxygen ? bond, forming a Cyanohydrin .
cyanohydrin is a compound that has CN and OH on the same carbon
Electron- withdrawing groups near the carbonyl carbon destabilize the carbonyl group, which decreases the amount of hydrate at equilibrium.
Reverse of what was answered earlier
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