Please help me answer ALL questions. Thank you. For two questions below, first w

Question

Please help me answer ALL questions. Thank you.

For two questions below, first write and balance the equation for the chemical reaction. Please, also review the material in Chapter 8, if you will feel you might need it in order to answer the questions. Next, please answer the following questions:

(a) What substance is reduced?

(b) What is the reducing agent?

(c) What substance is oxidized?

(d) What is the oxidizing agent?

Question 1:   Erbium metal (Er) can be prepared by reacting erbium(III) fluoride with magnesium; the other product is magnesium fluoride.

Question 2: Europium (Eu) is used in older television screens to give a red color. The metal can be prepared by electrolysis of molten europium(III) chloride; chlorine gas is a by-product.

Explanation / Answer

2 ErF3 + 3 Mg ----> 2 Er + 3 MgF2
In this reaction Er oxidation state is changed from +3 to 0 hence the process is reduction and it act as oxidising agent. Similarly Mg changed its oxidation state from 0 to +2 so it undergone oxidation and this act as reducing agent.
2 EuCl3 ------> 2 Eu + 3 Cl2
In this reaction Eu oxidation state is changed from +3 to 0 hence the process is reduction and it act as oxidising agent. Similarly Cl changed its oxidation state from -1 to 0 so it undergone oxidation and this act as reducing agent.

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