Not all oil pollution comes from a single, localized source such as an oil tanke

Question

Not all oil pollution comes from a single, localized source such as an oil tanker. In fact, in many locations the majority comes from nonpoint sources such as storm drains, household car washing, poor car maintenance (oil drips), etc. Most people do not realize that water in storm drains is not treated before being discharged, and thus may contain very high concentrations of oil and other pollutants if they-and their neighbors, family, and local businesses-are not careful. as many nonpoint sources of oil pollution as you can (residential and other) their impacts on the environment and wildlife ideas for how to minimize them Step back and put the information you learned in this lab into the context of the rest of this course (currents, tides, seawater chemistry, coasts, etc). Write a synthesis of how this all connects.

Explanation / Answer

Sources of oil input to the marine environment are often divided into

A. Natural Sources.

B. Sea-based Sources.

C. Land based Sources.

Oil pollution are divided into four main categories of sources:

A. Natural Sources.: Natural seeps.

B. Sea-based Sources: It includes operational discharges, accidental discharges and air pollution.

C. Land based Sources:

Impact of nonpoint sources of oil pollution on wildlife and environment:

1] Wildlife : Have effects on seabirds ,marine mammals ,fish & shellfish& bottom living animals .

oil harms seabirds & marine mammals in two major ways:

Physical contact - when fur or feathers come into contact with oil.

Toxic contamination- Some species are susceptible to the toxic effects of inhaled ingested oil.

Oil vapours can cause damage to an animal s central nervous system ,liver & lungs.

if oil is ingested by animal ,which can reduce the animals ability to eat or digest its food by damaging cells in the intestinal tract.

Seabirds= Oil may kill seabirds in different ways. like as by destroying the structure of its protective layer of feathers & insulating down.

Also affect the reproductive success of the birds.

2. Environment= have effect on different types of marine habitats

coral reef= are important nusreries for shrimp, fish,& other animals.they are at the risk from exposure to the toxic substances within oil as well as sothering.

Sheltered beaches

Mangrove forests

Tidal flats

Effect on human health= peoples health could be adversely affected by oils either when inhaling or touching oil products or when eating contaminated food.

Ideas for minimization are =

1.Combating at sea : Response techniques when oil is still in the water & has not yet reach the shoreline

2.Combating on land : Response techniques when the oil is very close to the shoreline or has already stranded

3.Prevention at sea : that can be taken to make extraction & transportation of oil at sea water.

Prevention on land : that can be taken to avoid oils from being discharged from land based sources into marine envirnment .

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