The human large intestine (colon) contains up to 10^12 bacteria/g (dry weight) o
ID: 101343 • Letter: T
Question
The human large intestine (colon) contains up to 10^12 bacteria/g (dry weight) of contents, representing 500 species. The metabolism of these bacteria affects host intestinal function and health. Your diet provides nutrients not only for you but also for these bacteria. An important metabolic function of intestinal bacteria is metabolism of carbohydrates such as starch and cellulose. Bacteria produce short-chain fatty acids including acid and acid, which provide energy for human colonic cells. The odors of feces can be attributed to indole and H_2S produced by bacteria from dietary proteins. Intestinal bacteria may produce highly carcinogenic nitrosamines from amino acid residues and nitrite. Use the following choices to answer the questions. a. Anaerobic respiration b. Deamination of amino acids c. Decarboxylation of amino acids d. Desulfurization of amino acids e. Fermentation Butyric acid and propionic acid ore produced from starch by what process? Nitrite is produced from nitrate by what process? Amino acid residues are produced by removing COa by what process? How do bacteria produce indole from tryptophan? How do bacteria produce H_2S from cysteine and methionine?Explanation / Answer
1. Fermentation : Butyric acid and popioninc acid are produced from starch by fermentaion process.
2. Denitrification: Nitrite is produced from nitrate by anaerobic respiration.
3.Decarboxylation of amino acids: Amino acid residues are produced by removing co2 by decarboxylation of amino acids.
4. Deamination of amino acids: Bacteria produce indole from tryptophan by deamination of amino acids.
5. Desulfurization of amino acids: Bacteria produce H2S from cysteine and methionine by desulfurization of amino acids.
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