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(a) A compound was analyzed and was found to contain the following percentages o

ID: 1002821 • Letter: #

Question

(a) A compound was analyzed and was found to contain the following percentages of the elements by mass: vanadium, 56.01%; oxygen, 43.98%. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.

(b) A compound was analyzed and was found to contain the following percentages of the elements by mass: sodium, 74.19%; oxygen, 25.81%. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.

(c) When iron is heated strongly in an atmosphere of pure chlorine, the product contains , 34.43% Fe and 65.57% Cl on a mass basis. Determine the empirical formula of the compound.

Explanation / Answer

(a) Empirical formula

moles of V = 56.01/50.94 = 1.10 mol

moles of O = 43.98/16 = 2.75 mol

Divide by lowest factor

V = 1.10/1.10 = 1

O = 2.75/1.10 = 2.5

Empirical formula = V2O5

(b) Calculate moles

moles of Na = 74.19/23 = 3.22 mol

moles of O = 25.81/16 = 1.61 mol

Divide by smallest factor

Na = 3.22/1.61 = 2

O = 1.61/1.61 = 1

Empirical formula = Na2O

(c) calculate moles

moles of Fe = 34.43/55.845 = 0.61 mols

moles of Cl = 65.57/35 = 1.87 mols

Divide by smallest factor

Fe = 0.61/0.61 = 1

Cl = 1.87/0.61 = 3

Empirical formula = FeCl3