Someone PLEASE help me with these questions ?? Provide details as much as you ca

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Someone PLEASE help me with these questions ?? Provide details as much as you can :D. I would really appreciate it.. Thanks !!

Question 2 a) d-block metals (transition metals) like Copper can form different stable oxidation states (Copper forms a divalent cation (+2) or a univalent cation +1)) explain why metals would form a cation rather than an anion and explain why copper can form either a 2+ or a 1+ion? /8 b) Copper oxide can be CuQ if the copper is 2+ or it can be Cu2O if the copper is 1+ Explain, with reasoning, why the 2+ ion would have a bigger or a smaller diameter than the 1+ion. Would both iron oxides have the same crystal structure or not and if not, why not /8 c) If the ionic radius for oxygen is 0.140nm, the ionic radius for Cu is 0.087nm and the ionic radius for Cu is 0.091nm, How does the coordination for O2 around Cu compare to the coordination around Cu? d) CnQ and Cu20 are not 100% ionic. Explain what you think the other type of bonding is in these oxides beside ionic and explain which one of the copper oxides would be more ionic and why

Explanation / Answer

a)

Metals are bigger than non-metals, so the valence electrons for metals are farther away from the nucleus. Metals lose electrons instead of gain them because they have only a few electrons typically 1 2 or 3 in the outer energy level. It is easier to lose these than gain 7 6 or 5.

The transition metals form cations by the initial loss of the ns electrons of the metal, even though the ns orbital is lower in energy than the (n 1)d subshell in the neutral atoms.

Due to a small increase in successive ionization energies, most of the transition metals have multiple oxidation states separated by a single electron

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