DESCRIPTION: When coal is distilled by heating without contact with air, a wide

Question

DESCRIPTION: When coal is distilled by heating without contact with air, a wide variety of solid, liquid, and gaseous products of commercial importance is produced, as well as some significant air pollutants. used in the decomposition and the type of coal. At low temperatures (400 to 750 °C) the yield of synthetic gas is small relative to the yield of liquid products, whereas at high temperatures (above 900 °C) the reverse is true. For the typical process flowsheet shown in the next page: The nature and amounts of the products produced depend on the temperature

Explanation / Answer

b) we can calculate the amount of 40% NaOH (by mass) required to seprate the phenol produced per ton of coal charged per day.

the amount of phenol produced per ton of coal charged per day = 5 lb, (lb= pound)

now we can convert the amount 5 lb to kg as,

1 lb= 0.453592 kgs ,

for 5 lb= how many kgs?,

5lb*0.453592=2.267 kgs,

that is the amount of phenol produced = 2.267 kgs per ton of cola per day,

we will convert the amount of phenol produced in gms form kgs as,

2.267*1000 gms= 2267 gms of phenol,

now we can calculate the moles of phenol as,

moles= mass in gms/mol. wt ,

moles = 2267/94.11= 24.08 moles (mol.wt of phenol=94.11),

now we can balance the reaction for sepration of phenol as,

C6H6O +NaOH (aq) --------> C6H5O- Na+ + H2O,

THAT IS FOR ONE MOLE OF PHENOL IT REQUIRED ONE MOLE OF SODIUM HYDROXIDE TO GET SODIUM PHENOXIDE ,

We have calculated the moles of phenol = 24.08 moles so, 24.08 molles of NaOH is required,

now we can calculate the mass of NaOH as,

mass in gms= moles* mol. wt,

mass in gms= 24.08*40=963.55 gms of NaOH ,

But we have 40 % NaOH solution i.e 100 ml SOLUTION contains= 40gms NaOH + 60 GMS OF water,

now we can calculate the amount of NaOH solution as,

if 40 gms NaOH = 100 ml solution , THEN

963.55 gms of NaOH = HOW MANY ml solution ?

BY CROSS MULTIPLYING ,

963.55*100=96355/40=2408.875 ml NaOH solution. ( i.e 2408.875 *40=96355/100=963.55 gms NaOH),

(963.55/40=24.08 MOLES NaOH),

MOLARITY OF NaOH= MOLES/VOLUME IN L,

MOLARITY OF NaOH SOLUTION= 24.08/2.408L=10 M (2408.875 ml/1000 ml =2.408 L),

To seprate the phenol produced per ton of coal charged per day, IT REQUIRED TO USE 10 M, 2408.875 ml NaOH Solution.( 40% NaOH).

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